Sponge city is a new generation of urban stormwater management concept, which refers to a city that can adapt to environmental changes and respond to natural disasters caused by rainwater like a sponge, and can also be called a "water elastic city".  

The internationally recognized term is "low impact development rainwater system construction", which involves absorbing, storing, infiltrating, and purifying water during rainfall, releasing and utilizing stored water when needed, and achieving free migration of rainwater in cities.   

Starting from ecosystem services, constructing water ecological infrastructure across scales and combining various specific technologies to build water ecological infrastructure is the core of sponge cities.   

In the new situation, sponge cities are an innovative manifestation of promoting green building construction, low-carbon city development, and the formation of smart cities. They are the organic combination of modern green new technologies and various factors such as society, environment, and culture under the background of new era characteristics.   

The substantial application of "sponge city" materials has shown excellent characteristics such as water permeability, compression resistance, wear resistance, slip resistance, environmental protection, beauty and color, comfort and easy maintenance, and sound absorption and noise reduction. It has become a "breathing" urban landscape road surface and effectively alleviates the urban heat island effect, making the urban road surface no longer heat up.